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Copper vs Tungsten

Copper
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Copper


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu  
W  
Group Number
11  
7
6  
12
Period Number
4  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440508  
37
7440337  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
-  
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
In 1781  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
13
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
17
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
Physical
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C  
40
3,410.00 °C  
1
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
5,660.00 °C  
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Copper  
Grayish White  
Luster
-  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
7.50  
2
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa  
99+
2,000.00 MPa  
4
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa  
99+
3,430.00 MPa  
3
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s  
26
4,620.00 m/s  
20
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.10  
99+
2.10  
11
Reflectivity
90.00 %  
4
62.00 %  
21
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cu  
W  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
2.36  
3
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98  
11
0.98  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75  
4
1.40  
20
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49  
27
2.36  
3
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
12
1.47  
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
1.64  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
25th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
26th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
27th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
28th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
29th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
30th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV  
16
4.55 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
29  
99+
74  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29  
99+
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
110  
28
Number of Electrons
29  
99+
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
162.00 pm  
31
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu  
99+
183.84 amu  
37
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm  
39
316.52 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.28  
99+
1.29  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
19.25 g/cm3  
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
17.60 g/cm3  
15
Tensile Strength
210.00 MPa  
19
370.00 MPa  
11
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)  
8
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa  
15
161.00 GPa  
5
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa  
12
310.00 GPa  
4
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa  
19
411.00 GPa  
4
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89  
99+
19.22  
18
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
19
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
31
0.00  
23
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K  
2
173.00 W/m·K  
7
Critical Temperature
1,358.00 K  
99+
3,695.00 K  
1
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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