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Tungsten vs Tantalum

Tungsten
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Ta  
Group Number
6  
12
5  
13
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7440257  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1802  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
2,996.00 °C  
4
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
5,425.00 °C  
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Gray Blue  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
440.00 MPa  
33
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
870.00 MPa  
19
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
3,400.00 m/s  
33
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Ta  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.50  
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.33  
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.50  
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.34  
38
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
73  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
73  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
108  
29
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
73  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
37
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
180.95 amu  
38
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
110.00 (-eV)  
7
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
330.13 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.41  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
16.69 g/cm3  
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
15.00 g/cm3  
23
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
180.00 MPa  
20
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
69.00 GPa  
13
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
200.00 GPa  
8
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
186.00 GPa  
14
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
16.65  
20
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
57.50 W/m·K  
27
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
3,290.00 K  
4
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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