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Tantalum vs Tungsten


Tungsten vs Tantalum


Periodic Table

Symbol
Ta   
W   

Group Number
5   
13
6   
12

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
d block   
d block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7440257   
99+
7440337   
99+

Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
229.00   
1
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Not Available   

Discovery
In 1802   
In 1781   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %   
31
5 * 10-8 %   
27

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000004 %   
23

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
39

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
39

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
31
0.00 %   
18

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  

Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31

In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
0.00 p.p.m.   
35

Physical Properties

Melting Point
2,996.00 °C   
4
3,410.00 °C   
1

Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C   
4
5,660.00 °C   
1

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Gray Blue   
Grayish White   

Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
7.50   
2

Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa   
28
2,000.00 MPa   
4

Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
3,430.00 MPa   
1

Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s   
22
4,620.00 m/s   
16

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
62.00 %   
13

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Ta   
W   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
31   
8
33   
6

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
2.36   
2

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.98   
23

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33   
22
1.40   
19

Allen Electronegativity
1.34   
33
1.47   
29

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
1.64   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
770.00 kJ/mol   
16

2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
4.55 eV   
13

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
73   
99+
74   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
73   
99+
74   
99+

Number of Neutrons
108   
28
110   
27

Number of Electrons
73   
99+
74   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
139.00 pm   
39

Covalent Radius
170.00 pm   
25
162.00 pm   
29

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28

Atomic Weight
180.95 amu   
38
183.84 amu   
37

Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Tantalum
  

Next Element
Tungsten
  
Rhenium
  

Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)   
7
140.00 (-eV)   
5

Lattice Constant
330.13 pm   
99+
316.52 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3   
18
19.25 g/cm3   
16

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3   
9
17.60 g/cm3   
5

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
370.00 MPa   
10

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
31
0.00 (Pa)   
32

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa   
13
161.00 GPa   
5

Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa   
8
310.00 GPa   
4

Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa   
13
411.00 GPa   
4

Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.28   
17

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
16.65   
11
19.22   
9

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Superconductor   

Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10

Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
78.60 kJ/mol   
13

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39

Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K   
27
173.00 W/m·K   
7

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
799.10 kJ/mol   
1

Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
35.23 kJ/mol   
1

Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
837.00 kJ/mol   
1

Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+

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