Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
- Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
- Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
- Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Not Available
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Discovery
In 1781
In 1879
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
- Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
- Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
-
Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silvery White
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Reflectivity
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
13th Energy Level
Not Available
14th Energy Level
Not Available
15th Energy Level
Not Available
16th Energy Level
Not Available
17th Energy Level
Not Available
18th Energy Level
Not Available
19th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available