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Tantalum vs Rhodium

Tantalum
Rhodium
Rhodium vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta  
Rh  
Group Number
5  
13
9  
9
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440257  
99+
7440166  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
  • Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
William Hyde Wollaston  
Discovery
In 1802  
In 1804  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
32
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
31
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
  • It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C  
4
1,966.00 °C  
12
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C  
4
3,727.00 °C  
17
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray Blue  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa  
33
980.00 MPa  
10
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa  
19
1,100.00 MPa  
15
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s  
33
4,700.00 m/s  
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.15  
10
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
84.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ta  
Rh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
16  
23
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
2.28  
4
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
2.28  
5
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33  
23
1.45  
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
2.28  
4
Allen Electronegativity
1.34  
38
1.56  
27
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
1.72  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
719.70 kJ/mol  
29
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,740.00 kJ/mol  
27
3rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,997.00 kJ/mol  
27
4th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
11
5th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
26
6th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
40
7th Energy level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
35
8th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
3,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
33
11th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
32
12th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
7,190.00 kJ/mol  
27
14th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
21
15th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
71,900.00 kJ/mol  
23
16th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
71,900.00 kJ/mol  
18
17th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
719.70 kJ/mol  
39
18th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
29
19th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
719.70 kJ/mol  
36
20th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
719.00 kJ/mol  
30
21st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
719.00 kJ/mol  
24
23rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
719.70 kJ/mol  
23
25th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
719.00 kJ/mol  
23
26th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
719.70 kJ/mol  
23
27th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
719.70 kJ/mol  
22
28th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
719.70 kJ/mol  
28
29th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
719.70 kJ/mol  
29
30th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
719.00 kJ/mol  
23
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.28 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
73  
99+
45  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
[Kr] 4d8 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Rhodium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73  
99+
45  
99+
Number of Neutrons
108  
29
58  
99+
Number of Electrons
73  
99+
45  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm  
37
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
142.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu  
38
102.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
8.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Ruthenium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Palladium
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)  
7
64.00 (-eV)  
22
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm  
99+
380.34 pm  
30
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.41  
99+
1.73  
7
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3  
18
12.41 g/cm3  
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3  
23
10.70 g/cm3  
35
Tensile Strength
180.00 MPa  
20
951.00 MPa  
5
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.02 (Pa)  
19
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa  
13
150.00 GPa  
6
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa  
8
275.00 GPa  
5
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa  
14
380.00 GPa  
5
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.26  
22
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65  
20
12.41  
32
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
43.30 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
0.21 106/cm Ω  
8
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
109.70 kJ/mol  
8
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.24 J/(kg K)  
22
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
24.98 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K  
27
150.00 W/m·K  
9
Critical Temperature
3,290.00 K  
4
2,237.00 K  
13
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
495.40 kJ/mol  
16
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
21.76 kJ/mol  
10
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
556.50 kJ/mol  
16
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
31.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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