Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
In 1794
In 1842
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
-
It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
-
Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electronic Industry
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available