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Zinc vs Iron

Zinc
Iron
Iron vs Zinc


Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn  
Fe  
Group Number
12  
6
8  
10
Period Number
4  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440666  
24
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists  
Unknown  
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-5 %  
11
1.1 * 10-1 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.0002 %  
10
~0.1 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %  
12
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
16
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
6
0.01 %  
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
6
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.  
6
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
419.58 °C  
99+
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
907.00 °C  
99+
2,750.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
14
4.00  
10
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa  
32
200.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
608.00 MPa  
18
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s  
18
5,120.00 m/s  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
2
Not Available  
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
5
65.00 %  
12
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
gamma Iron  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zn  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65  
19
1.83  
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23  
6
2.20  
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66  
7
1.64  
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65  
11
Not Available  
Allen Electronegativity
1.59  
22
1.80  
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35  
35
2.17  
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol  
27
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
36
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol  
12
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol  
11
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
16
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
16
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
14
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
9
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol  
10
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol  
11
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
9
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol  
5
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol  
8
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
11
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
9
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
13
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol  
10
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
11
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol  
10
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available  
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available  
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available  
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV  
17
4.70 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
30  
99+
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
30  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
30  
99+
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu  
99+
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Copper
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Gallium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)  
99+
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm  
99+
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3  
99+
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3  
37
6.98 g/cm3  
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available  
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa  
19
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa  
19
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.90  
99+
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
Not Available  
6.3 * 10-3 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
Not Available  
2,00,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m  
40
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω  
12
0.10 106/cm Ω  
20
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
15.70 kJ/mol  
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)  
14
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K  
39
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K  
14
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)  
11
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
351.00 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
14.90 kJ/mol  
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol  
99+
414.20 kJ/mol  
19
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
36
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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