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Aluminium Cobalt Comparison

Aluminium
Cobalt
Cobalt Aluminium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Al   
Co   
Group Number
13   
5
9   
9
Period Number
3   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7429905   
99+
7440484   
38
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted   
Georg Brandt   
Discovery
In 1825   
In 1732   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %   
5
3 * 10-4 %   
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %   
5
~0.0004 %   
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %   
5
0.06 %   
10
Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %   
1
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
6
0.00 %   
20
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
10
0.00 %   
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3   
18
In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
0.04 p.p.m.   
27
Physical Properties
Melting Point
660.37 °C   
99+
1,495.00 °C   
29
Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C   
99+
2,870.00 °C   
34
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.75   
13
5.00   
8
Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa   
99+
470.00 MPa   
26
Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa   
35
1,043.00 MPa   
11
Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s   
10
4,720.00 m/s   
14
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
71.00 %   
10
67.00 %   
11
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-Cobalt   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-Cobalt   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Al   
Co   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
11   
27
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.61   
22
1.88   
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71   
13
2.56   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47   
14
1.70   
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83   
8
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.61   
20
1.84   
10
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.39   
32
2.12   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
760.40 kJ/mol   
19
2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
1,648.00 kJ/mol   
31
3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
3,232.00 kJ/mol   
22
4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
4,950.00 kJ/mol   
19
5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
7,670.00 kJ/mol   
12
6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
9,840.00 kJ/mol   
12
7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
12,440.00 kJ/mol   
11
8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
15,230.00 kJ/mol   
12
9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
17,959.00 kJ/mol   
13
10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
26,570.00 kJ/mol   
7
11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
29,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
36,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
39,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
42,800.00 kJ/mol   
12
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
49,396.00 kJ/mol   
11
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,737.00 kJ/mol   
13
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
134,810.00 kJ/mol   
1
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
145,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
167,400.00 kJ/mol   
4
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
178,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
189,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.28 eV   
19
5.00 eV   
5
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Chemical Stability, Ionization   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
13   
99+
22   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
13   
99+
22   
99+
Number of Neutrons
14   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Electrons
13   
99+
22   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
143.00 pm   
37
147.00 pm   
34
Covalent Radius
121.00 pm   
99+
160.00 pm   
30
Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm   
34
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
26.98 amu   
99+
47.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Magnesium
  
Iron
  
Next Element
Potassium
  
Nickel
  
Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)   
17
95.20 (-eV)   
10
Lattice Constant
404.95 pm   
22
295.08 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa   
19
434.00 MPa   
9
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
18
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa   
29
44.00 GPa   
17
Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa   
18
110.00 GPa   
15
Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa   
28
116.00 GPa   
18
Poisson Ratio
0.35   
9
0.32   
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.72   
99+
4,500.00   
1
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
4
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K   
4
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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