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Aluminium vs Iron

Aluminium
Iron
Iron vs Aluminium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Al   
Fe   
Group Number
13   
5
8   
10
Period Number
3   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7429905   
99+
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1825   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %   
5
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %   
5
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %   
5
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %   
1
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
6
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
10
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
660.37 °C   
99+
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C   
99+
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.75   
13
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa   
99+
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa   
35
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s   
10
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
71.00 %   
10
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Al   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
11   
27
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.61   
22
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71   
13
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47   
14
1.64   
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83   
8
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.61   
20
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.39   
32
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.28 eV   
19
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
13   
99+
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
13   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
14   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
13   
99+
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
143.00 pm   
37
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
121.00 pm   
99+
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm   
34
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
26.98 amu   
99+
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Magnesium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Potassium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)   
17
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
404.95 pm   
22
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa   
19
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
18
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa   
29
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa   
18
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa   
28
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
0.35   
9
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.72   
99+
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
4
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
0.00   
3
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K   
4
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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