Aluminium vs Iron
Periodic Table
Symbol
Al
Fe
Group Number
13
5
8
10
Period Number
3
4
Block
p block
d block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7429905
99+
7439896
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
- Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
- The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted
Unknown
Discovery
In 1825
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %
5
1.1 * 10-1 %
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %
5
~0.1 %
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %
5
22.00 %
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %
1
6.30 %
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
6
0.00 %
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
10
0.01 %
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
- Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
- Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3
9
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3
3
In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.
11
380.00 p.p.m.
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
660.37 °C
99+
1,535.00 °C
25
Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C
99+
2,750.00 °C
37
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.75
13
4.00
10
Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa
99+
200.00 MPa
40
Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa
35
608.00 MPa
18
Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s
10
5,120.00 m/s
8
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
71.00 %
10
65.00 %
12
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Ferrite (alpha Iron)
β Allotropes
Not Available
beta Iron
γ Allotropes
Not Available
gamma Iron
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Al
Fe
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
11
27
26
13
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.61
22
1.83
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71
13
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47
14
1.64
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83
8
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.61
20
1.80
12
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.39
32
2.17
40
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol
99+
762.50 kJ/mol
17
2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol
19
1,561.90 kJ/mol
36
3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol
38
2,957.00 kJ/mol
29
4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol
3
5,290.00 kJ/mol
16
5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol
2
7,240.00 kJ/mol
16
6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol
2
9,560.00 kJ/mol
14
7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol
2
12,060.00 kJ/mol
15
8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol
2
14,580.00 kJ/mol
14
9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol
2
22,540.00 kJ/mol
5
10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol
4
25,290.00 kJ/mol
8
11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol
5
28,000.00 kJ/mol
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available
31,920.00 kJ/mol
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available
34,830.00 kJ/mol
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available
37,840.00 kJ/mol
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available
44,100.00 kJ/mol
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available
47,206.00 kJ/mol
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available
122,200.00 kJ/mol
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available
131,000.00 kJ/mol
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available
140,500.00 kJ/mol
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available
152,600.00 kJ/mol
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available
163,000.00 kJ/mol
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
173,600.00 kJ/mol
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
188,100.00 kJ/mol
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available
195,200.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.28 eV
19
4.70 eV
10
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
13
99+
26
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
13
99+
26
99+
Number of Neutrons
14
99+
30
99+
Number of Electrons
13
99+
26
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
143.00 pm
37
126.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
121.00 pm
99+
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm
34
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
26.98 amu
99+
55.85 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol
99+
7.10 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)
17
67.00 (-eV)
20
Lattice Constant
404.95 pm
22
286.65 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3
99+
7.87 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3
99+
6.98 g/cm3
35
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa
19
11,000.00 MPa
1
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
18
0.00 (Pa)
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
36.80 (Pa)
5
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa
29
82.00 GPa
11
Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa
18
170.00 GPa
10
Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa
28
211.00 GPa
9
Poisson Ratio
0.35
9
0.29
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
2.72
99+
7.20
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
4
6.3 * 10-3 H/m
1
Susceptibility
0.00
3
2,00,000.00
1
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m
99+
96.10 nΩ·m
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω
4
0.10 106/cm Ω
20
Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol
26
15.70 kJ/mol
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)
5
0.44 J/(kg K)
13
Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K
99+
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K
4
80.40 W/m·K
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)
17
11.80 µm/(m·K)
33
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol
31
351.00 kJ/mol
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol
35
14.90 kJ/mol
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol
31
414.20 kJ/mol
19
Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K
99+
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
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