Home
 Compare Metals

Beryllium vs Lead

Beryllium
Lead
Lead vs Beryllium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Be  
Pb  
Group Number
2  
16
14  
4
Period Number
2  
6  
Block
s block  
p block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440417  
99+
7439921  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
-  
Discovery
In 1797  
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
Physical
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C  
36
327.50 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C  
33
1,740.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
White Gray  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa  
25
38.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
9
38.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s  
2
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.56  
34
2.02  
14
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
5.00 %  
39
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Be  
Pb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57  
25
1.87  
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81  
15
2.29  
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47  
15
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54  
24
2.41  
2
Allen Electronegativity
1.58  
26
1.85  
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43  
30
1.67  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
32
6th Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
36
8th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
32
9th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
30
10th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
34
11th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
33
12th Energy Level
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
28
14th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
24
16th Energy Level
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
19
17th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
715.60 kJ/mol  
40
18th Energy Level
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
30
19th Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
715.60 kJ/mol  
37
20th Energy Level
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
715.00 kJ/mol  
31
21st Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
23rd Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
25th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
26th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
27th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
23
28th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
29
29th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
715.60 kJ/mol  
30
30th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
715.00 kJ/mol  
24
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV  
10
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
4  
99+
82  
34
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
4  
99+
82  
34
Number of Neutrons
5  
99+
125  
20
Number of Electrons
4  
99+
82  
34
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm  
99+
175.00 pm  
21
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
40
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm  
99+
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu  
99+
207.20 amu  
30
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
18.17 cm3/mol  
39
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lithium
  
Thallium
  
Next Element
Sodium
  
Bismuth
  
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)  
15
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm  
99+
495.08 pm  
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.51  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
11.34 g/cm3  
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
10.66 g/cm3  
36
Tensile Strength
287.00 MPa  
16
12.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
17
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
20
1.64 (Pa)  
7
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa  
7
5.60 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa  
13
46.00 GPa  
28
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa  
7
16.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.03  
36
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.85  
99+
11.35  
38
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
11
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
0.05 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
35.10 kJ/mol  
33
Thermal
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
26.65 J/mol·K  
34
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K  
6
35.30 W/m·K  
39
Critical Temperature
1,551.00 K  
39
600.61 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
64.80 J/mol.K  
18
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

» More Alkali Metals

Compare Alkali Metals

» More Compare Alkali Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!