Bismuth Strontium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi
Sr
Group Number
15
3
2
16
Period Number
6
5
Block
p block
s block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440699
22
7440246
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
12.00
12
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
- Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
- Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy
William Cruickshank
Discovery
In 1753
In 1787
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
4 * 10-6 %
14
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %
14
~0.000005 %
15
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
15
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.04 %
10
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
4
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
7
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
- Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
- By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3
20
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3
19
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.
22
140.00 p.p.m.
7
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C
99+
769.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C
99+
1,384.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.25
15
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s
99+
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi
Sr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
27
12
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02
6
0.95
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34
3
0.72
27
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67
6
0.99
37
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15
4
1.00
18
Allen Electronegativity
2.01
4
0.96
40
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98
99+
3.05
7
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
35
549.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol
33
1,064.20 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,138.00 kJ/mol
10
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
5,500.00 kJ/mol
13
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol
30
6,910.00 kJ/mol
18
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol
19
8,760.00 kJ/mol
18
7th Energy level
Not Available
10,230.00 kJ/mol
19
8th Energy Level
Not Available
11,800.00 kJ/mol
19
9th Energy Level
Not Available
15,600.00 kJ/mol
17
10th Energy Level
Not Available
17,100.00 kJ/mol
19
11th Energy Level
Not Available
31,270.00 kJ/mol
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr
19
1.64 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV
22
2.59 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83
33
38
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
[Kr] 5s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
83
33
38
99+
Number of Neutrons
126
18
50
99+
Number of Electrons
83
33
38
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
29
215.00 pm
5
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm
36
195.00 pm
15
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm
26
249.00 pm
7
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu
29
87.62 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol
14
33.70 cm3/mol
6
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)
99+
25.70 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm
2
608.49 pm
6
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3
39
2.64 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3
18
2.38 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
121.00 (Pa)
1
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa
99+
6.03 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa
38
Not Available
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa
99+
15.70 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.33
11
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.79
30
2.64
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
6
Not Available
Susceptibility
0.00
6
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
NA
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m
99+
132.00 nΩ·m
24
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω
26
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol
11
5.03 kJ/mol
38
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.30 J/(kg K)
18
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K
37
26.40 J/mol·K
28
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K
99+
35.40 W/m·K
37
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)
28
22.50 µm/(m·K)
18
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol
99+
150.00 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol
33
9.16 kJ/mol
38
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol
99+
163.20 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K
24
55.00 J/mol.K
26
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