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Bismuth vs Iron

Bismuth
Iron
Iron vs Bismuth


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi  
Fe  
Group Number
15  
3
8  
10
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440699  
22
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
12.00  
15
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy  
-  
Discovery
In 1753  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
26
0.11 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
14
0.10 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.01 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3  
20
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical
Melting Point
271.30 °C  
99+
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C  
99+
2,750.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25  
16
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa  
99+
200.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
30.00 MPa  
99+
608.00 MPa  
27
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s  
99+
5,120.00 m/s  
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.50  
5
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
-  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
-  
gamma Iron  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Bi  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02  
7
1.83  
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34  
3
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67  
7
1.64  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15  
8
1.83  
16
Allen Electronegativity
2.01  
5
1.80  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98  
99+
2.17  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol  
34
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol  
29
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
37
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
38
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
36
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
13th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
32
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
22
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
28
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
23
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
99+
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
40
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
12
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
10
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
27
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
25th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
26th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
27th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
28th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
29th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
30th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr  
23
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV  
29
4.70 eV  
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
83  
33
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
83  
33
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
126  
19
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
83  
33
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
31
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm  
38
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm  
33
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu  
29
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol  
23
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lead
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Polonium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)  
99+
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm  
2
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.86  
4
1.35  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3  
99+
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3  
99+
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
32.00 MPa  
99+
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
0.00  
29
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa  
99+
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa  
99+
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa  
99+
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.33  
11
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.79  
99+
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
20
0.01 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
0.00  
36
200,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m  
99+
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol  
13
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K  
99+
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
544.00 K  
99+
1,811.00 K  
29
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol  
99+
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol  
39
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol  
99+
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K  
32
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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