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Bismuth vs Iron

Bismuth
Iron
Iron vs Bismuth


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi   
Fe   
Group Number
15   
3
8   
10
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440699   
22
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
12.00   
12
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1753   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %   
25
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %   
14
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
24
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C   
99+
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C   
99+
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25   
15
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa   
99+
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02   
6
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34   
3
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67   
6
1.64   
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15   
4
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.01   
4
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98   
99+
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV   
22
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83   
33
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
83   
33
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
126   
18
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
83   
33
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm   
36
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm   
26
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu   
29
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lead
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Polonium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm   
2
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3   
39
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3   
18
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa   
99+
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa   
38
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa   
99+
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
0.33   
11
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.79   
30
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
6
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
0.00   
6
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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