Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkali
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
Not Available
Interesting Facts
- Naturally occurring minor elements include Cadmium.
- Cadmium is released into atmosphere to control volcanic eruption and forest fires.
- It is used for electroplating of Steel for corrosion resistance.
- It can absorb neutrons and used in nuclear reactor to control atomic fission.
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
Who Discovered
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Marguerite Perey
Discovery
In 1817
In 1939
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It has very limited uses as it is a toxic metal and it can cause birth defects, cancer, etc.
-
Almost 80% of Cadmium metal is used in Nickel cadmium Batteries and now it is getting replaced with nickel hydride.
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
NA
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Reflectivity
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
2nd Energy Level
Not Available
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
[Rn] 7s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atomic Radius
Not Available
Atomic Volume
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Constant
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Specific Gravity
Not Available
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Poor Conductor
Electron Affinity
Not Available
Specific Heat
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available