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Francium vs Osmium

Francium
Osmium
Osmium vs Francium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr  
Os  
Group Number
1  
17
8  
10
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440735  
18
7440042  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey  
Smithson Tennant  
Discovery
In 1939  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
27.00 °C  
99+
3,045.00 °C  
3
Boiling Point
677.00 °C  
99+
5,027.00 °C  
6
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20  
27
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa  
99+
3,490.00 MPa  
1
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
3,920.00 MPa  
1
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s  
99+
4,940.00 m/s  
15
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.70  
27
2.07  
12
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
80.00 %  
7
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fr  
Os  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86  
99+
1.52  
13
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68  
99+
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
0.67  
99+
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30  
1
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
32
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol  
31
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr  
1
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV  
33
4.83 eV  
13
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
87  
31
76  
40
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
87  
31
76  
39
Number of Neutrons
136  
18
114  
26
Number of Electrons
87  
31
76  
39
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm  
1
133.80 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm  
1
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm  
1
216.00 pm  
30
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu  
27
190.23 amu  
35
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol  
2
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Polonium
  
Rhenium
  
Next Element
Radium
  
Iridium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)  
99+
91.40 (-eV)  
12
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm  
21
273.44 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.58  
37
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
22.59 g/cm3  
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
20.00 g/cm3  
11
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
1,000.00 MPa  
4
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
3
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
39
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa  
99+
222.00 GPa  
1
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa  
99+
462.00 GPa  
1
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
528.00 GPa  
1
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.87  
99+
22.57  
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
17
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m  
99+
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol  
99+
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K  
99+
87.60 W/m·K  
19
Critical Temperature
300.00 K  
99+
3,300.00 K  
3
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol  
99+
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K  
99+
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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