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Osmium vs Strontium

Osmium
Strontium
Strontium vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os  
Sr  
Group Number
8  
10
2  
16
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440042  
99+
7440246  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
  • Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
William Cruickshank  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1787  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.04 %  
10
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
4
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
8
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
  • By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3  
19
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
140.00 p.p.m.  
7
Physical
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C  
3
769.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C  
6
1,384.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa  
1
110.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,920.00 MPa  
1
15.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
4,170.00 m/s  
23
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.07  
12
1.43  
39
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Os  
Sr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
27  
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
0.95  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
0.72  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52  
13
0.99  
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.00  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
22
0.96  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
3.05  
7
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,064.20 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,138.00 kJ/mol  
10
4th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,500.00 kJ/mol  
22
5th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
6,910.00 kJ/mol  
30
6th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
8,760.00 kJ/mol  
26
7th Energy level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
10,230.00 kJ/mol  
19
8th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
11,800.00 kJ/mol  
19
9th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15,600.00 kJ/mol  
17
10th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
17,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
11th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
31,270.00 kJ/mol  
6
12th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
54,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
54,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.64 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV  
13
2.59 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
76  
40
38  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
[Kr] 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76  
39
38  
99+
Number of Neutrons
114  
26
50  
99+
Number of Electrons
76  
39
38  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm  
99+
215.00 pm  
6
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
195.00 pm  
15
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm  
30
249.00 pm  
11
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu  
35
87.62 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
33.70 cm3/mol  
9
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Rubidium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Yttrium
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)  
12
25.70 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm  
99+
608.49 pm  
6
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
37
1.57  
40
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3  
9
2.64 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3  
11
2.38 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa  
4
170.00 MPa  
21
Viscosity
0.00  
3
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
121.00 (Pa)  
1
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
39
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa  
1
6.03 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa  
1
11.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
15.70 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57  
11
2.64  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
17
0.00  
35
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
132.00 nΩ·m  
24
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
0.08 106/cm Ω  
31
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
5.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
26.40 J/mol·K  
36
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K  
19
35.40 W/m·K  
38
Critical Temperature
3,300.00 K  
3
1,050.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
22.50 µm/(m·K)  
19
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
9.16 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
163.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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