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Cesium vs Potassium

Cesium
Potassium
Potassium vs Cesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cs   
K   
Group Number
1   
17
1   
17
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
s block   
s block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Alkali   
CAS Number
7440462   
40
7440097   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff   
Humphry Davy   
Discovery
In 1860   
In 1807   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-8 %   
24
3 * 10-4 %   
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000008 %   
20
~0.0004 %   
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
0.07 %   
9
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
35
1.50 %   
6
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
17
0.04 %   
3
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
17
0.20 %   
2
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
  • In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
  
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
28
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
2
In Bone
0.05 p.p.m.   
26
2,100.00 p.p.m.   
3
Physical Properties
Melting Point
28.50 °C   
99+
63.65 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
678.40 °C   
99+
774.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gold   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20   
25
0.40   
23
Brinell Hardness
0.14 MPa   
99+
0.36 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,000.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cs   
K   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
20   
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.79   
99+
0.82   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.22   
33
0.45   
31
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
0.91   
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.62   
26
0.73   
23
Allen Electronegativity
0.66   
99+
0.73   
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.21   
2
3.18   
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
375.70 kJ/mol   
99+
418.80 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,234.30 kJ/mol   
8
3,052.00 kJ/mol   
5
3rd Energy Level
3,400.00 kJ/mol   
16
4,420.00 kJ/mol   
8
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,877.00 kJ/mol   
9
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,975.00 kJ/mol   
8
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,590.00 kJ/mol   
13
7th Energy level
Not Available   
11,343.00 kJ/mol   
17
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,944.00 kJ/mol   
13
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,963.70 kJ/mol   
15
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
48,610.00 kJ/mol   
3
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
54,490.00 kJ/mol   
4
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
60,730.00 kJ/mol   
4
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
68,950.00 kJ/mol   
4
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
75,900.00 kJ/mol   
5
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
83,080.00 kJ/mol   
6
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
93,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
99,710.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.96 g/amp-hr   
3
1.46 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.14 eV   
99+
2.30 eV   
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
55   
99+
19   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s1   
[Ar] 4s1   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
55   
99+
19   
99+
Number of Neutrons
78   
99+
20   
99+
Number of Electrons
55   
99+
19   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
265.00 pm   
1
227.00 pm   
3
Covalent Radius
244.00 pm   
2
203.00 pm   
9
Van der Waals Radius
343.00 pm   
2
275.00 pm   
5
Atomic Weight
132.91 amu   
99+
39.10 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
71.07 cm3/mol   
1
45.46 cm3/mol   
3
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tin
  
Aluminium
  
Next Element
Barium
  
Calcium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.62 (-eV)   
99+
10.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
614.10 pm   
5
532.80 pm   
12
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.93 g/cm3   
99+
0.86 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.84 g/cm3   
99+
0.83 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
1.30 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
1.60 GPa   
99+
3.10 GPa   
99+
Young's Modulus
1.70 GPa   
99+
3.53 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.87   
99+
0.86   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
205.00 nΩ·m   
17
72.00 nΩ·m   
37
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
0.14 106/cm Ω   
14
Electron Affinity
45.50 kJ/mol   
25
48.40 kJ/mol   
22
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
0.75 J/(kg K)   
6
Molar Heat Capacity
32.21 J/mol·K   
4
29.60 J/mol·K   
6
Thermal Conductivity
35.90 W/m·K   
36
102.50 W/m·K   
15
Critical Temperature
1,938.00 K   
5
2,223.00 K   
3
Thermal Expansion
97.00 µm/(m·K)   
1
83.30 µm/(m·K)   
3
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
65.90 kJ/mol   
99+
77.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.10 kJ/mol   
99+
2.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
78.20 kJ/mol   
99+
89.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
85.20 J/mol.K   
3
64.70 J/mol.K   
18
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