Cesium Potassium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cs
K
Group Number
1
17
1
17
Period Number
6
4
Block
s block
s block
Element Family
Alkali
Alkali
CAS Number
7440462
40
7440097
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
- Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Humphry Davy
Discovery
In 1860
In 1807
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-8 %
24
3 * 10-4 %
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000008 %
20
~0.0004 %
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
38
0.07 %
9
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
35
1.50 %
6
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
17
0.04 %
3
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
17
0.20 %
2
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
- In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
- Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
- Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
28
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3
2
In Bone
0.05 p.p.m.
26
2,100.00 p.p.m.
3
Physical Properties
Melting Point
28.50 °C
99+
63.65 °C
99+
Boiling Point
678.40 °C
99+
774.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gold
Silvery Gray
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.20
25
0.40
23
Brinell Hardness
0.14 MPa
99+
0.36 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,000.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cs
K
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
36
3
20
19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.79
99+
0.82
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.22
33
0.45
31
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86
99+
0.91
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.62
26
0.73
23
Allen Electronegativity
0.66
99+
0.73
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.21
2
3.18
3
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
375.70 kJ/mol
99+
418.80 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,234.30 kJ/mol
8
3,052.00 kJ/mol
5
3rd Energy Level
3,400.00 kJ/mol
16
4,420.00 kJ/mol
8
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5,877.00 kJ/mol
9
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,975.00 kJ/mol
8
6th Energy Level
Not Available
9,590.00 kJ/mol
13
7th Energy level
Not Available
11,343.00 kJ/mol
17
8th Energy Level
Not Available
14,944.00 kJ/mol
13
9th Energy Level
Not Available
16,963.70 kJ/mol
15
10th Energy Level
Not Available
48,610.00 kJ/mol
3
11th Energy Level
Not Available
54,490.00 kJ/mol
4
12th Energy Level
Not Available
60,730.00 kJ/mol
4
13th Energy Level
Not Available
68,950.00 kJ/mol
4
14th Energy Level
Not Available
75,900.00 kJ/mol
5
15th Energy Level
Not Available
83,080.00 kJ/mol
6
16th Energy Level
Not Available
93,400.00 kJ/mol
7
17th Energy Level
Not Available
99,710.00 kJ/mol
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.96 g/amp-hr
3
1.46 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.14 eV
99+
2.30 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
55
99+
19
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s1
[Ar] 4s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
55
99+
19
99+
Number of Neutrons
78
99+
20
99+
Number of Electrons
55
99+
19
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
265.00 pm
1
227.00 pm
3
Covalent Radius
244.00 pm
2
203.00 pm
9
Van der Waals Radius
343.00 pm
2
275.00 pm
5
Atomic Weight
132.91 amu
99+
39.10 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
71.07 cm3/mol
1
45.46 cm3/mol
3
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
8.62 (-eV)
99+
10.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
614.10 pm
5
532.80 pm
12
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.93 g/cm3
99+
0.86 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.84 g/cm3
99+
0.83 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
1.30 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
1.60 GPa
99+
3.10 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
1.70 GPa
99+
3.53 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.87
99+
0.86
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
Resistivity
205.00 nΩ·m
17
72.00 nΩ·m
37
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
35
0.14 106/cm Ω
14
Electron Affinity
45.50 kJ/mol
25
48.40 kJ/mol
22
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)
23
0.75 J/(kg K)
6
Molar Heat Capacity
32.21 J/mol·K
4
29.60 J/mol·K
6
Thermal Conductivity
35.90 W/m·K
36
102.50 W/m·K
15
Critical Temperature
1,938.00 K
5
2,223.00 K
3
Thermal Expansion
97.00 µm/(m·K)
1
83.30 µm/(m·K)
3
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
65.90 kJ/mol
99+
77.50 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.10 kJ/mol
99+
2.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
78.20 kJ/mol
99+
89.50 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
85.20 J/mol.K
3
64.70 J/mol.K
18
|
||
|
||
|
