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Chemical Properties of Ruthenium and Gadolinium

Ruthenium
Gadolinium
Chemical Properties of Gadolinium and Ruthenium


Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ru   
Gd   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26   
13
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.20   
39
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.11   
29
Allen Electronegativity
1.54   
25
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.80   
15
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol   
32
593.40 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
710.22 kJ/mol   
99+
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,747.00 kJ/mol   
37
1,990.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,250.00 kJ/mol   
30
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.26 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.96 g/amp-hr   
32
Electron Work Function
4.71 eV   
9
3.10 eV   
35
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
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