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Chemical Properties of Yttrium and Hafnium

Yttrium
Hafnium
Chemical Properties of Hafnium and Yttrium


Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y   
Hf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
19   
20
32   
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
1.30   
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65   
29
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.23   
25
Allen Electronegativity
1.12   
38
1.16   
37
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
658.50 kJ/mol   
40
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,440.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,250.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol   
10
3,216.00 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.66 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV   
35
3.90 eV   
27
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
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