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Facts About Hafnium and Ruthenium


Facts About Ruthenium and Hafnium


Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
  

Sources
By-product Zirconium Refining   
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy   
Karl Ernst Claus   

Discovery
In 1922   
In 1844   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %   
25
4 * 10-7 %   
20

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000005 %   
22

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
26

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
31
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
27
0.00 %   
38

Uses >>
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