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Copper vs Tantalum

Copper
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Copper


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu  
Ta  
Group Number
11  
7
5  
13
Period Number
4  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440508  
37
7440257  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
In 1802  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
13
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
17
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
Physical
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C  
40
2,996.00 °C  
4
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
5,425.00 °C  
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Copper  
Gray Blue  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa  
99+
440.00 MPa  
33
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa  
99+
870.00 MPa  
19
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s  
26
3,400.00 m/s  
33
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.10  
99+
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
90.00 %  
4
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cu  
Ta  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
1.50  
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98  
11
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75  
4
1.33  
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49  
27
1.50  
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
12
1.34  
38
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
25th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
26th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
27th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
28th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
29th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
30th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV  
16
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
29  
99+
73  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29  
99+
73  
99+
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
108  
29
Number of Electrons
29  
99+
73  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
37
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu  
99+
180.95 amu  
38
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
110.00 (-eV)  
7
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm  
39
330.13 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.28  
99+
1.41  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
16.69 g/cm3  
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
15.00 g/cm3  
23
Tensile Strength
210.00 MPa  
19
180.00 MPa  
20
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)  
8
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa  
15
69.00 GPa  
13
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa  
12
200.00 GPa  
8
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa  
19
186.00 GPa  
14
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89  
99+
16.65  
20
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
19
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
31
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K  
2
57.50 W/m·K  
27
Critical Temperature
1,358.00 K  
99+
3,290.00 K  
4
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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