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Dysprosium vs Osmium


Osmium vs Dysprosium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Dy   
Os   

Group Number
Not Available   
8   
10

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
f block   
d block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7429916   
99+
7440042   
99+

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
  • Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
  
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Smithson Tennant   

Discovery
In 1886   
In 1803   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
3 * 10-7 %   
21

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.0000002 %   
25

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
33
0.00 %   
28

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
28
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
35
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
  • Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
  
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Mildly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,407.00 °C   
32
3,045.00 °C   
3

Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C   
99+
5,027.00 °C   
6

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Bluish-Gray   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
7.00   
3

Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa   
23
3,490.00 MPa   
1

Vickers Hardness
540.00 MPa   
20
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
2,710.00 m/s   
33
4,940.00 m/s   
11

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Dy   
Os   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
29   
10
35   
4

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
2.20   
4

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10   
30
1.52   
12

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.65   
19

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
1.80   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol   
99+
840.00 kJ/mol   
12

2nd Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,200.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr   
29
1.77 g/amp-hr   
38

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.83 eV   
8

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
66   
99+
76   
40

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
66   
99+
76   
39

Number of Neutrons
96   
35
114   
25

Number of Electrons
66   
99+
76   
39

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
178.00 pm   
16
133.80 pm   
99+

Covalent Radius
192.00 pm   
17
Not Available   

Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
216.00 pm   
24

Atomic Weight
162.50 amu   
99+
190.23 amu   
35

Atomic Volume
19.00 cm3/mol   
23
8.49 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Terbium
  
Rhenium
  

Next Element
Holmium
  
Iridium
  

Valence Electron Potential
47.40 (-eV)   
32
91.40 (-eV)   
12

Lattice Constant
359.30 pm   
37
273.44 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
15
1.58   
14

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
8.54 g/cm3   
99+
22.59 g/cm3   
9

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.37 g/cm3   
25
20.00 g/cm3   
1

Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa   
15
1,000.00 MPa   
4

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
24.70 GPa   
31
222.00 GPa   
1

Bulk Modulus
40.50 GPa   
31
462.00 GPa   
1

Young's Modulus
61.40 GPa   
33
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.25   
25
0.25   
24

Other Mechanical Properties
Sectile   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
8.55   
38
22.57   
2

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
926.00 nΩ·m   
2
81.20 nΩ·m   
35

Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.11 106/cm Ω   
18

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
106.10 kJ/mol   
9

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.17 J/(kg K)   
34
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39

Molar Heat Capacity
27.70 J/mol·K   
14
24.70 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
10.70 W/m·K   
99+
87.60 W/m·K   
19

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
5.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
230.00 kJ/mol   
39
627.60 kJ/mol   
7

Enthalpy of Fusion
11.05 kJ/mol   
32
29.30 kJ/mol   
4

Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol   
36
669.00 kJ/mol   
6

Standard Molar Entropy
75.60 J/mol.K   
7
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+

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