Dysprosium vs Osmium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Dy
Os
Group Number
Not Available
8
10
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7429916
99+
7440042
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
- Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In 1886
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
3 * 10-7 %
21
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
33
0.00 %
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
28
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
35
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
- Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,407.00 °C
32
3,045.00 °C
3
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C
99+
5,027.00 °C
6
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
7.00
3
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa
23
3,490.00 MPa
1
Vickers Hardness
540.00 MPa
20
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,710.00 m/s
33
4,940.00 m/s
11
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Dy
Os
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22
38
2.20
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10
30
1.52
12
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.65
19
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78
16
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol
99+
840.00 kJ/mol
12
2nd Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,200.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol
37
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr
29
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.83 eV
8
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
66
99+
76
40
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
66
99+
76
39
Number of Neutrons
96
35
114
25
Number of Electrons
66
99+
76
39
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
178.00 pm
16
133.80 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
192.00 pm
17
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm
20
216.00 pm
24
Atomic Weight
162.50 amu
99+
190.23 amu
35
Atomic Volume
19.00 cm3/mol
23
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
47.40 (-eV)
32
91.40 (-eV)
12
Lattice Constant
359.30 pm
37
273.44 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
15
1.58
14
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.54 g/cm3
99+
22.59 g/cm3
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.37 g/cm3
25
20.00 g/cm3
1
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa
15
1,000.00 MPa
4
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
28
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
24.70 GPa
31
222.00 GPa
1
Bulk Modulus
40.50 GPa
31
462.00 GPa
1
Young's Modulus
61.40 GPa
33
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.25
25
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Sectile
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.55
38
22.57
2
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
926.00 nΩ·m
2
81.20 nΩ·m
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
106.10 kJ/mol
9
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.17 J/(kg K)
34
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.70 J/mol·K
14
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
10.70 W/m·K
99+
87.60 W/m·K
19
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
230.00 kJ/mol
39
627.60 kJ/mol
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.05 kJ/mol
32
29.30 kJ/mol
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
669.00 kJ/mol
6
Standard Molar Entropy
75.60 J/mol.K
7
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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