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Gadolinium Iron Comparison

Gadolinium
Iron
Iron Gadolinium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Gd   
Fe   
Group Number
0   
18
8   
10
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440542   
33
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1880   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
34
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
30
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
38
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are also used in making Magnets, electronic components and Data storage devices.
  • Compound of Gadolinium metal are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
Not Available   
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,311.00 °C   
35
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
3,233.00 °C   
25
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
510.00 MPa   
22
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Gd   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26   
13
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20   
39
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.64   
8
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80   
15
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol   
99+
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
1,990.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
4,250.00 kJ/mol   
30
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.96 g/amp-hr   
32
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV   
35
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
64   
99+
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
64   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
93   
37
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
64   
99+
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm   
14
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm   
15
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol   
20
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Europium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Terbium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.10 (-eV)   
34
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
363.60 pm   
32
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
9
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3   
99+
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.40 g/cm3   
31
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
30
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)   
9
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
21.80 GPa   
33
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
37.90 GPa   
34
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
54.80 GPa   
35
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
23
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.90   
40
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.31 nΩ·m   
99+
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
27
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
37.03 J/mol·K   
2
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
10.60 W/m·K   
99+
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
359.40 kJ/mol   
21
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.05 kJ/mol   
36
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
352.00 kJ/mol   
27
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
68.10 J/mol.K   
16
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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