1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74405757440155
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %2 * 10-8 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.00000001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.2.1 Abundance In Oceans
1.2.3 Abundance In Humans
2 Uses
2.1 Uses & Benefits
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
2.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
2.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
2.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
2.2 Biological Properties
2.2.1 Toxicity
2.2.2 Present in Human Body
2.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
2.5.1 In Bone
3 Physical
3.1 Melting Point
1,064.43 °C3,180.00 °C
27
3410
3.2 Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C5,627.00 °C
147
5660
4.5 Appearance
4.5.1 Physical State
4.5.2 Color
4.5.3 Luster
4.6 Hardness
4.6.1 Mohs Hardness
4.6.4 Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa1,320.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.6.8 Vickers Hardness
216.00 MPa1,350.00 MPa
121
3430
4.7 Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s4,700.00 m/s
818
16200
4.9 Optical Properties
4.9.1 Refractive Index
4.10.1 Reflectivity
6.2 Allotropes
6.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
7.6 Electronegativity
7.6.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.1.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.2.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.2.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.5.2 Allen Electronegativity
8.6 Electropositivity
8.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.7 Ionization Energies
8.7.1 1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol760.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.9.1 2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol1,260.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.9.2 3rd Energy Level
NA2,510.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.11.3 4th Energy Level
NA3,640.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.2.2 5th Energy Level
9.3.1 6th Energy Level
9.6.1 7th Energy level
10.1.3 8th Energy Level
10.1.5 9th Energy Level
10.1.8 10th Energy Level
10.2.2 11th Energy Level
10.4.2 12th Energy Level
10.5.3 13th Energy Level
10.7.3 14th Energy Level
10.7.6 15th Energy Level
10.7.7 16th Energy Level
10.7.10 17th Energy Level
10.7.12 18th Energy Level
10.8.1 19th Energy Level
11.1.3 20th Energy Level
11.1.6 21st Energy Level
11.1.8 22nd Energy Level
11.1.11 23rd Energy Level
11.2.3 24th Energy Level
11.2.4 25th Energy Level
11.2.7 26th Energy Level
11.2.9 27th Energy Level
11.2.11 28th Energy Level
11.2.13 29th Energy Level
12.1.1 30th Energy Level
12.2 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr0.99 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.4 Electron Work Function
12.6 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
13.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
13.4 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
13.4.1 Crystal Lattice
13.5 Atom
13.5.1 Number of Protons
13.6.2 Number of Neutrons
13.7.3 Number of Electrons
13.8 Radius of an Atom
13.8.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm137.00 pm
112
265
13.8.5 Covalent Radius
144.00 pm151.00 pm
96
260
13.8.7 Van der Waals Radius
166.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
13.10 Atomic Weight
196.97 amu186.21 amu
6.94
294
13.11 Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol8.85 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.13 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.13.1 Previous Element
13.13.2 Next Element
13.14 Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)180.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.15 Lattice Constant
407.82 pm276.10 pm
228.58
891.25
13.17 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
13.18 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm321.02 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.31 g/cm318.90 g/cm3
0.512
20
15.5 Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa1,070.00 MPa
2.5
11000
15.6 Viscosity
15.7 Vapor Pressure
15.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.7.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
15.8 Elasticity properties
15.8.1 Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa178.00 GPa
1.3
222
15.9.3 Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa370.00 GPa
1.6
462
15.9.5 Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa463.00 GPa
1.7
528
1.3 Poisson Ratio
1.5 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
2 Magnetic
2.1 Magnetic Characteristics
2.1.1 Specific Gravity
2.4.1 Magnetic Ordering
2.4.2 Permeability
2.8.1 Susceptibility
2.11 Electrical Properties
2.11.1 Electrical Property
2.11.2 Resistivity
2.20 nΩ·m193.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
4.1.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
4.1.4 Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol14.50 kJ/mol
0
222.8
5 Thermal
5.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
5.3 Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K25.48 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
5.6 Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K48.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
5.7 Critical Temperature
5.9 Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)6.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
6.3 Enthalpy
6.3.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol707.10 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
7.1.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol33.05 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
7.3.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol791.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
8.2 Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K36.90 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1