Element Family
Post-Transition
Alkaline Earth
Space Group Name
I4/mmm
Fm_ 3m
Interesting Facts
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
- Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
- It is found in the compound state.
- Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Humphry Davy
Discovery
In 1863
In 1808
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
- It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
- Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Alloys
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
[Ar] 4s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
-
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor