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Indium vs Titanium

Indium
Titanium
Titanium vs Indium


Periodic Table
Symbol
In  
Ti  
Group Number
13  
5
4  
14
Period Number
5  
4  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440746  
17
7440326  
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
139.00  
8
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter  
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius  
Discovery
In 1863  
In 1791  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-8 %  
28
3 * 10-4 %  
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %  
23
~0.0004 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.05 %  
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.66 %  
7
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Medical Research  
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3  
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
156.61 °C  
99+
1,660.00 °C  
18
Boiling Point
2,000.00 °C  
99+
3,287.00 °C  
22
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silvery Gray-White  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.20  
20
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
8.80 MPa  
99+
716.00 MPa  
15
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
830.00 MPa  
14
Speed of Sound
1,215.00 m/s  
99+
5,090.00 m/s  
9
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
In  
Ti  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
23  
16
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.78  
16
1.54  
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.14  
8
1.09  
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.49  
13
1.32  
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.76  
10
Not Available  
Allen Electronegativity
1.66  
18
1.38  
32
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.22  
38
2.46  
28
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
658.80 kJ/mol  
39
2nd Energy Level
1,820.70 kJ/mol  
18
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,704.00 kJ/mol  
39
2,652.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,210.00 kJ/mol  
17
4,174.60 kJ/mol  
32
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
9,581.00 kJ/mol  
5
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
11,533.00 kJ/mol  
6
7th Energy level
Not Available  
13,590.00 kJ/mol  
6
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
16,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
18,530.00 kJ/mol  
11
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
20,833.00 kJ/mol  
15
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
25,575.00 kJ/mol  
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available  
28,125.00 kJ/mol  
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available  
76,015.00 kJ/mol  
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available  
83,280.00 kJ/mol  
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available  
90,880.00 kJ/mol  
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available  
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available  
109,100.00 kJ/mol  
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available  
117,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available  
129,900.00 kJ/mol  
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available  
137,530.00 kJ/mol  
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.43 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.12 eV  
24
4.33 eV  
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
49  
99+
22  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1  
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
49  
99+
22  
99+
Number of Neutrons
66  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Electrons
49  
99+
22  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
167.00 pm  
24
147.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
142.00 pm  
99+
160.00 pm  
30
Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm  
31
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
114.82 amu  
99+
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
15.70 cm3/mol  
33
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Cadmium
  
Scandium
  
Next Element
Tin
  
Vanadium
  
Valence Electron Potential
54.00 (-eV)  
25
95.20 (-eV)  
10
Lattice Constant
325.23 pm  
99+
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.31 g/cm3  
99+
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.02 g/cm3  
33
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
2.50 MPa  
21
434.00 MPa  
9
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
11
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available  
0.98 (Pa)  
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available  
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
Not Available  
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
11.00 GPa  
99+
116.00 GPa  
18
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
4.51  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
83.70 nΩ·m  
34
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.12 106/cm Ω  
17
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/mol  
31
7.60 kJ/mol  
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
27
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K  
25
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
81.80 W/m·K  
21
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
32.10 µm/(m·K)  
9
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
226.40 kJ/mol  
40
429.00 kJ/mol  
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.28 kJ/mol  
99+
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
242.70 kJ/mol  
99+
468.60 kJ/mol  
15
Standard Molar Entropy
57.80 J/mol.K  
22
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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