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Iridium Gold Comparison

Iridium
Gold
Gold Iridium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir   
Au   
Group Number
9   
9
11   
7
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439885   
99+
7440575   
31
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1803   
Before 6000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
29
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
35
In Bone
Not Available   
0.02 p.p.m.   
30
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C   
7
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C   
10
2,807.00 °C   
36
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gold   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa   
5
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa   
3
216.00 MPa   
31
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s   
13
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
95.00 %   
2
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
2.54   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55   
11
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.68   
17
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol   
9
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
35
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV   
13
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77   
39
79   
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74   
99+
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
110   
27
118   
23
Number of Electrons
74   
99+
79   
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm   
27
166.00 pm   
39
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu   
34
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)   
5
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm   
26
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3   
10
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3   
3
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa   
2
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
25
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa   
2
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa   
3
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa   
1
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
22
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78   
3
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m   
99+
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol   
4
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K   
10
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K   
99+
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
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