Home
 Compare Metals

Iridium vs Thorium

Iridium
Thorium
Thorium vs Iridium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir  
Th  
Group Number
9  
9
0  
18
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439885  
99+
7440326  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
2
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • Thorium metal is used as an alternate option over Uranium for nuclear fuel.
  • Thorium metals appearance (silvery white, soft) is somewhat similar to Lead metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Jöns Jakob Berzelius  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1829  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %  
22
3 * 10-4 %  
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %  
25
~0.0004 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
29
0.05 %  
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.66 %  
7
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • Thorium metal is used as an allying agent for Magnesium, It imparts greater strength and resistance to temperature.
  • compound of this metal Thorium oxide is used as an industrial catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
33
In Bone
Not Available  
0.02 p.p.m.  
29
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C  
7
1,750.00 °C  
17
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C  
10
4,790.00 °C  
8
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
NA  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
3.00  
12
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
5
390.00 MPa  
29
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa  
3
295.00 MPa  
29
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s  
13
2,490.00 m/s  
36
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
6
Not Available  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir  
Th  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34  
5
28  
11
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
4
1.30  
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
11
1.11  
29
Allen Electronegativity
1.68  
17
Not Available  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
35
1,110.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available  
1,978.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available  
2,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.16 g/amp-hr  
24
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
13
3.41 eV  
32
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77  
39
90  
28
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
[Rn] 6d2 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
90  
28
Number of Neutrons
110  
27
142  
15
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
90  
28
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
179.80 pm  
15
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
206.00 pm  
7
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
27
237.00 pm  
15
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu  
34
232.04 amu  
23
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
19.90 cm3/mol  
20
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Actinium
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Protactinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
59.30 (-eV)  
23
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm  
26
508.42 pm  
14
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3  
10
11.72 g/cm3  
32
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3  
3
Not Available  
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa  
2
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
25
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa  
2
31.00 GPa  
21
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa  
3
54.00 GPa  
22
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
79.00 GPa  
24
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.27  
20
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
Ductile  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78  
3
11.70  
23
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
157.00 nΩ·m  
22
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.07 106/cm Ω  
31
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
Not Available  
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
26.23 J/mol·K  
30
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K  
10
54.00 W/m·K  
28
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
36
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
429.00 kJ/mol  
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
468.60 kJ/mol  
15
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!