Iridium vs Zinc
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir
Zn
Group Number
9
9
12
6
Period Number
6
4
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439885
99+
7440666
24
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Indian metallurgists
Discovery
In 1803
Before 1000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
3 * 10-5 %
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.0002 %
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
29
0.02 %
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.01 %
16
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
10
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
- It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
- It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3
6
In Bone
Not Available
170.00 p.p.m.
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C
7
419.58 °C
99+
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C
10
907.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.50
5
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa
5
327.00 MPa
32
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa
3
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s
13
3,850.00 m/s
18
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
Not Available
1.00
2
Reflectivity
78.00 %
6
80.00 %
5
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir
Zn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20
4
1.65
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.23
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55
11
1.66
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.65
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.68
17
1.59
22
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80
99+
2.35
35
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol
9
906.40 kJ/mol
6
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol
35
1,733.30 kJ/mol
27
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
3,833.00 kJ/mol
12
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5,731.00 kJ/mol
11
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,970.00 kJ/mol
9
6th Energy Level
Not Available
10,400.00 kJ/mol
9
7th Energy level
Not Available
12,900.00 kJ/mol
9
8th Energy Level
Not Available
16,800.00 kJ/mol
6
9th Energy Level
Not Available
19,600.00 kJ/mol
8
10th Energy Level
Not Available
23,000.00 kJ/mol
10
11th Energy Level
Not Available
26,400.00 kJ/mol
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available
29,990.00 kJ/mol
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available
40,490.00 kJ/mol
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available
43,800.00 kJ/mol
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available
47,300.00 kJ/mol
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available
52,300.00 kJ/mol
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available
55,900.00 kJ/mol
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available
59,700.00 kJ/mol
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available
67,300.00 kJ/mol
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available
171,200.00 kJ/mol
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available
179,100.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV
13
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77
39
30
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
74
99+
30
99+
Number of Neutrons
110
27
35
99+
Number of Electrons
74
99+
30
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm
99+
134.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm
99+
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm
27
139.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu
34
65.38 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
9.20 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)
5
38.90 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm
26
266.49 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3
10
7.14 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3
3
6.57 g/cm3
37
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa
2
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
25
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa
2
43.00 GPa
18
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa
3
70.00 GPa
19
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa
1
108.00 GPa
19
Poisson Ratio
0.26
22
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.78
3
6.90
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m
99+
59.00 nΩ·m
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
0.17 106/cm Ω
12
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol
4
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.39 J/(kg K)
14
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
25.47 J/mol·K
39
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K
10
116.00 W/m·K
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)
99+
30.20 µm/(m·K)
11
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol
1
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol
1
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol
1
129.70 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K
99+
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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