Lanthanum Tin Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
La
Sn
Group Number
Not Available
14
4
Period Number
6
5
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7439910
99+
7440315
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I41/amd
Space Group Number
194.00
5
141.00
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
- If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Unknown
Discovery
In 1838
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
4 * 10-7 %
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
32
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
19
0.00 %
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
29
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
- The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.
24
1.40 p.p.m.
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
920.00 °C
99+
231.90 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C
18
2,270.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa
30
50.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa
26
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s
37
2,730.00 m/s
32
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
La
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
1.96
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.49
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08
31
1.72
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.21
3
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.82
11
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
2.04
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol
99+
708.60 kJ/mol
33
2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/mol
22
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/mol
25
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV
31
4.42 eV
16
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
57
99+
50
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
57
99+
50
99+
Number of Neutrons
82
99+
69
99+
Number of Electrons
57
99+
50
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
187.00 pm
8
140.00 pm
38
Covalent Radius
207.00 pm
6
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm
13
217.00 pm
23
Atomic Weight
138.91 amu
99+
118.71 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol
16
16.30 cm3/mol
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)
99+
83.50 (-eV)
14
Lattice Constant
377.20 pm
28
583.18 pm
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
2
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm3
99+
7.37 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm3
99+
6.99 g/cm3
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
17
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
15
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa
40
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa
99+
58.00 GPa
20
Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa
99+
50.00 GPa
36
Poisson Ratio
0.28
17
0.36
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.17
99+
7.31
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m
7
115.00 nΩ·m
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol
23
107.30 kJ/mol
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
21
27.11 J/mol·K
20
Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K
99+
66.80 W/m·K
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)
32
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol
17
290.40 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol
99+
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol
16
301.30 kJ/mol
35
Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K
23
51.20 J/mol.K
29
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