Symbol
Mg
  
Pm
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
3
  
6
  
Block
s block
  
f block
  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
  
Lanthanide
  
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
  
Not Available
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
- Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
  
Found in Minerals, Mining
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joseph Black
  
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
  
Discovery
In 1755
  
In 1942
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
-
It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
  
NA
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic
  
Non Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
Yes
  
No
  
In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3
  
5
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.
  
4
Not Available
  
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C
  
99+
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C
  
99+
3,000.00 °C
  
31
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Gray
  
Unknown
  
Luster
NA
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s
  
11
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Mg
  
Pm
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
  
24
540.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol
  
5
2,150.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol
  
4
3,970.00 kJ/mol
  
38
5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/mol
  
3
Not Available
  
6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/mol
  
3
Not Available
  
7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/mol
  
3
Not Available
  
8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/mol
  
3
Not Available
  
9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/mol
  
3
Not Available
  
10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/mol
  
1
Not Available
  
12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/mol
  
1
Not Available
  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr
  
99+
1.80 g/amp-hr
  
36
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2
  
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100
  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol
  
37
22.39 cm3/mol
  
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)
  
99+
44.10 (-eV)
  
39
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
Unknown
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3
  
99+
7.26 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3
  
99+
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
NA
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Conductor
  
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m
  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 10
6/cm Ω
  
7
Not Available
  
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
  
40
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)
  
4
0.18 J/(kg K)
  
33
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K
  
99+
Not Available
  
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K
  
8
17.90 W/m·K
  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)
  
15
9.00 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol
  
39
7.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
310.00 kJ/mol
  
34
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K
  
99+
Not Available