Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
I_ 43m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
- Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In 1774
In 1803
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
- Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery Bluish-Gray
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
13th Energy Level
Not Available
14th Energy Level
Not Available
15th Energy Level
Not Available
16th Energy Level
Not Available
17th Energy Level
Not Available
18th Energy Level
Not Available
19th Energy Level
Not Available
20th Energy Level
Not Available
21st Energy Level
Not Available
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available