Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
Space Group Name
I_ 43m
Not Available
Space Group Number
Not Available
Interesting Facts
- Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
- Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Discovery
In 1774
In 1942
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
- Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
13th Energy Level
Not Available
14th Energy Level
Not Available
15th Energy Level
Not Available
16th Energy Level
Not Available
17th Energy Level
Not Available
18th Energy Level
Not Available
19th Energy Level
Not Available
20th Energy Level
Not Available
21st Energy Level
Not Available
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Constant
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Unknown
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available