Neodymium vs Mercury
Periodic Table
Symbol
Nd
Hg
Group Number
1
17
12
6
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440008
99+
7439976
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
R_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
166.00
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Discovery
In 1885
Before 2000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %
24
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
30
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
20
0.05 %
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
30
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
In Bone
Not Available
0.45 p.p.m.
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C
99+
Not Available
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C
28
356.58 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Liquid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa
35
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa
27
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s
38
1,451.40 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
Not Available
1.00
3
Reflectivity
Not Available
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nd
Hg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
34
5
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14
99+
2.00
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.44
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.81
9
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.44
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86
13
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr
37
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV
34
4.49 eV
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
60
99+
80
36
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
60
99+
80
36
Number of Neutrons
84
40
121
22
Number of Electrons
60
99+
80
36
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm
13
151.00 pm
32
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm
10
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm
20
155.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu
99+
200.59 amu
32
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol
18
14.82 cm3/mol
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
99+
28.20 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm
30
300.50 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61
4
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3
99+
13.53 g/cm3
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3
36
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
0.00
1
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa
38
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa
37
Not Available
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa
40
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.28
16
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.00
99+
13.53
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m
6
961.00 nΩ·m
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K
17
27.98 J/mol·K
13
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K
99+
8.30 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
1,750.00 K
6
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol
34
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol
99+
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol
32
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K
13
75.80 J/mol.K
6
|
||
|
||
|
