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Polonium Iridium Comparison

Polonium
Iridium
Iridium Polonium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Po   
Ir   
Group Number
16   
2
9   
9
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440086   
99+
7439885   
99+
Space Group Name
Pm-3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
221.00   
3
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Smithson Tennant   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1803   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000002 %   
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
254.00 °C   
99+
2,410.00 °C   
7
Boiling Point
962.00 °C   
99+
4,527.00 °C   
10
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery White   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.50   
5
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
1,670.00 MPa   
5
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,760.00 MPa   
3
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
4,825.00 m/s   
13
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
78.00 %   
6
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
α-polonium   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
β-polonium   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Po   
Ir   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
2.20   
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.76   
2
1.55   
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.48   
1
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.19   
2
1.68   
17
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
1.80   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
880.00 kJ/mol   
9
2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
35
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.55 eV   
13
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
84   
32
77   
39
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
84   
32
74   
99+
Number of Neutrons
125   
19
110   
27
Number of Electrons
84   
32
74   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
168.00 pm   
23
136.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
140.00 pm   
99+
141.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm   
29
202.00 pm   
27
Atomic Weight
209.00 amu   
28
192.22 amu   
34
Atomic Volume
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Bismuth
  
Osmium
  
Next Element
Francium
  
Platinum
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Lattice Constant
335.90 pm   
99+
383.90 pm   
26
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
22.56 g/cm3   
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.40 g/cm3   
19
19.00 g/cm3   
3
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
2,000.00 MPa   
2
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
25
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
210.00 GPa   
2
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
320.00 GPa   
3
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
528.00 GPa   
1
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.26   
22
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.32   
31
21.78   
3
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
47.10 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
Electron Affinity
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
151.00 kJ/mol   
4
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
147.00 W/m·K   
10
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
35.50 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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