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Iridium Polonium Comparison

Iridium
Polonium
Polonium Iridium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir  
Po  
Group Number
9  
9
16  
2
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7439885  
99+
7440086  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Pm-3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
221.00  
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1898  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
29
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C  
7
254.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C  
10
962.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
5
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa  
8
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s  
17
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
2.70  
3
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
50.00 %  
31
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
α-polonium  
β Allotropes
-  
β-polonium  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ir  
Po  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34  
5
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
2.00  
10
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
12
1.76  
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
2.48  
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.68  
20
2.19  
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
812.10 kJ/mol  
14
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
1,833.20 kJ/mol  
17
3rd Energy Level
2,256.10 kJ/mol  
99+
812.10 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,121.00 kJ/mol  
7
5th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
8
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
12
6th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
25
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
32
7th Energy level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
8th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
9th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
23
10th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
27
11th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
20
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
12th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
40
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
19
14th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
18
15th Energy Level
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
81,200.00 kJ/mol  
15
16th Energy Level
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
81,200.00 kJ/mol  
12
17th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
26
812.10 kJ/mol  
32
18th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
21
19th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
24
812.10 kJ/mol  
29
20th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
812.00 kJ/mol  
22
21st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
37
812.10 kJ/mol  
40
22nd Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
12
812.00 kJ/mol  
17
23rd Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
7
812.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
812.10 kJ/mol  
13
25th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
812.10 kJ/mol  
11
26th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
812.10 kJ/mol  
11
27th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
812.10 kJ/mol  
10
28th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
812.10 kJ/mol  
16
29th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
812.10 kJ/mol  
15
30th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
812.00 kJ/mol  
11
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr  
8
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
77  
39
84  
32
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Monoclinic (MON)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
84  
32
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
125  
20
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
84  
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
168.00 pm  
25
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
140.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
34
197.00 pm  
36
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu  
34
209.00 amu  
28
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
22.23 cm3/mol  
22
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
9.30 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm  
29
335.90 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
35
1.46  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3  
10
9.20 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3  
13
9.40 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa  
2
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
26
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
26
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa  
2
24.00 GPa  
40
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa  
3
46.00 GPa  
28
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
46.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.23  
30
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78  
12
9.32  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Nonmagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
15
Susceptibility
0.00  
5
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
0.40 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
183.30 kJ/mol  
3
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
26.40 J/mol·K  
36
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K  
10
20.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,719.00 K  
8
527.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
23.50 µm/(m·K)  
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
60.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
13.00 kJ/mol  
32
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
134.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
41.10 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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