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Iridium vs Polonium

Iridium
Polonium
Polonium vs Iridium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir   
Po   
Group Number
9   
9
16   
2
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7439885   
99+
7440086   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Pm-3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
221.00   
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant   
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Discovery
In 1803   
In 1898   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
29
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C   
7
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C   
10
962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa   
5
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa   
3
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s   
13
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
2.00   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55   
11
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.68   
17
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol   
9
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
35
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV   
13
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77   
39
84   
32
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74   
99+
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
110   
27
125   
19
Number of Electrons
74   
99+
84   
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm   
27
197.00 pm   
29
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu   
34
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm   
26
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3   
10
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3   
3
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa   
2
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
25
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa   
2
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa   
3
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa   
1
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
22
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78   
3
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Nonmagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m   
99+
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol   
4
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K   
10
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   
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