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Rhenium vs Polonium

Rhenium
Polonium
Polonium vs Rhenium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re   
Po   
Group Number
7   
11
16   
2
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440155   
99+
7440086   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Pm-3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
221.00   
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa   
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Discovery
In 1908   
In 1898   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %   
29
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
34
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C   
2
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C   
2
962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa   
8
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa   
7
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s   
15
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
2.00   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46   
15
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.60   
21
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol   
20
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV   
7
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75   
99+
84   
32
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75   
40
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
111   
26
125   
19
Number of Electrons
75   
40
84   
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm   
34
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
197.00 pm   
29
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu   
36
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol   
99+
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm   
99+
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62   
3
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3   
12
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3   
4
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa   
3
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
29
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa   
3
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa   
2
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa   
2
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.30   
14
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02   
5
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Nonmagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m   
20
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
33
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol   
35
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K   
38
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K   
31
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)   
99+
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol   
3
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol   
2
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol   
2
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   
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