Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
I4/mmm
Interesting Facts
- Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
- Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Discovery
In 1804
In 1863
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
- It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
Reflectivity
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Rhodium.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available