Silver Aluminium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag
Al
Group Number
11
7
13
5
Period Number
5
3
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440224
99+
7429905
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
Hans Christian Oersted
Discovery
Before 5000 BC
In 1825
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %
26
5 * 10-3 %
5
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.006 %
5
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
38
0.91 %
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
8.10 %
1
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
19
0.00 %
6
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
29
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3
9
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.
20
27.00 p.p.m.
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
961.93 °C
99+
660.37 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C
99+
2,467.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
2.75
13
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa
37
160.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa
30
160.00 MPa
35
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s
34
5,000.00 m/s
10
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
97.00 %
1
71.00 %
10
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ag
Al
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
36
3
11
27
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93
9
1.61
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83
11
1.71
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42
18
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47
15
1.83
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.87
7
1.61
20
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07
99+
2.39
32
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol
27
577.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol
11
1,816.70 kJ/mol
19
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol
19
2,744.80 kJ/mol
38
4th Energy Level
Not Available
11,577.00 kJ/mol
3
5th Energy Level
Not Available
14,842.00 kJ/mol
2
6th Energy Level
Not Available
18,379.00 kJ/mol
2
7th Energy level
Not Available
23,326.00 kJ/mol
2
8th Energy Level
Not Available
27,465.00 kJ/mol
2
9th Energy Level
Not Available
31,853.00 kJ/mol
2
10th Energy Level
Not Available
38,473.00 kJ/mol
4
11th Energy Level
Not Available
42,647.00 kJ/mol
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr
7
0.34 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV
20
4.28 eV
19
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
47
99+
13
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
47
99+
13
99+
Number of Neutrons
61
99+
14
99+
Number of Electrons
47
99+
13
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm
36
143.00 pm
37
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm
39
121.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm
38
184.00 pm
34
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu
99+
26.98 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol
99+
10.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)
99+
80.70 (-eV)
17
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm
20
404.95 pm
22
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3
35
2.70 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3
21
2.38 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
40.00 MPa
19
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
14
0.00 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa
23
26.00 GPa
29
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa
16
76.00 GPa
18
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa
23
70.00 GPa
28
Poisson Ratio
0.37
7
0.35
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.50
26
2.72
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
4
Susceptibility
0.00
5
0.00
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m
99+
28.20 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω
1
0.38 106/cm Ω
4
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol
5
42.50 kJ/mol
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)
25
0.90 J/(kg K)
5
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K
99+
24.20 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K
1
237.00 W/m·K
4
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)
23
23.10 µm/(m·K)
17
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol
37
293.70 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol
31
10.67 kJ/mol
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol
37
322.20 kJ/mol
31
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K
35
28.30 J/mol.K
99+
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