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Silver Copper Comparison

Silver
Copper
Copper Silver comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag  
Cu  
Group Number
11  
7
11  
7
Period Number
5  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440224  
99+
7440508  
37
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
-  
Discovery
Before 5000 BC  
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
27
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
38
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
17
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
29
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.  
24
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
Physical
Melting Point
961.93 °C  
99+
1,084.62 °C  
40
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C  
99+
2,562.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Copper  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
3.00  
13
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa  
99+
235.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa  
99+
343.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
3,810.00 m/s  
26
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
0.16  
99+
1.10  
99+
Reflectivity
97.00 %  
1
90.00 %  
4
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ag  
Cu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36  
3
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93  
10
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83  
14
1.98  
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42  
19
1.75  
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47  
28
1.49  
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.87  
10
1.85  
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07  
99+
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol  
11
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol  
19
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
4th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
10
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
5th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
24
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
39
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
7th Energy level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
33
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
8th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
31
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
9th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
27
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
10th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
32
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
11th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
31
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
12th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
13th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
25
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
14th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
15th Energy Level
73,100.00 kJ/mol  
22
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
73,100.00 kJ/mol  
17
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
38
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
18th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
28
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
19th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
35
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
20th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
29
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
21st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
22nd Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
23
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
23rd Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
24th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
25th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
26th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
27th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
21
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
28th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
29th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
28
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
30th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr  
7
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV  
27
4.65 eV  
16
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
47  
99+
29  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1  
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
47  
99+
29  
99+
Number of Neutrons
61  
99+
35  
99+
Number of Electrons
47  
99+
29  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm  
38
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm  
99+
140.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu  
99+
63.55 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Palladium
  
Nickel
  
Next Element
Cadmium
  
Zinc
  
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)  
99+
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm  
23
361.49 pm  
39
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
26
1.28  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3  
37
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3  
99+
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
170.00 MPa  
21
210.00 MPa  
19
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
14
1.53 (Pa)  
8
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
48.00 GPa  
15
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
140.00 GPa  
12
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa  
25
120.00 GPa  
19
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.50  
39
8.89  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
19
Susceptibility
0.00  
32
0.00  
31
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m  
99+
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω  
1
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol  
5
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)  
25
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K  
99+
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K  
1
401.00 W/m·K  
2
Critical Temperature
1,235.00 K  
99+
1,358.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol  
99+
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol  
37
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol  
99+
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K  
99+
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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