Silver Zinc Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag
Zn
Group Number
11
7
12
6
Period Number
5
4
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440224
99+
7440666
24
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
Indian metallurgists
Discovery
Before 5000 BC
Before 1000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %
26
3 * 10-5 %
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0002 %
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
38
0.02 %
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.01 %
16
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
19
0.00 %
10
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
- It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
- It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
29
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3
6
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.
20
170.00 p.p.m.
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
961.93 °C
99+
419.58 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C
99+
907.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa
37
327.00 MPa
32
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa
30
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s
34
3,850.00 m/s
18
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
Not Available
1.00
2
Reflectivity
97.00 %
1
80.00 %
5
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ag
Zn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
36
3
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93
9
1.65
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83
11
2.23
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42
18
1.66
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47
15
1.65
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.87
7
1.59
22
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07
99+
2.35
35
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol
27
906.40 kJ/mol
6
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol
11
1,733.30 kJ/mol
27
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol
19
3,833.00 kJ/mol
12
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5,731.00 kJ/mol
11
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,970.00 kJ/mol
9
6th Energy Level
Not Available
10,400.00 kJ/mol
9
7th Energy level
Not Available
12,900.00 kJ/mol
9
8th Energy Level
Not Available
16,800.00 kJ/mol
6
9th Energy Level
Not Available
19,600.00 kJ/mol
8
10th Energy Level
Not Available
23,000.00 kJ/mol
10
11th Energy Level
Not Available
26,400.00 kJ/mol
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available
29,990.00 kJ/mol
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available
40,490.00 kJ/mol
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available
43,800.00 kJ/mol
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available
47,300.00 kJ/mol
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available
52,300.00 kJ/mol
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available
55,900.00 kJ/mol
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available
59,700.00 kJ/mol
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available
67,300.00 kJ/mol
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available
171,200.00 kJ/mol
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available
179,100.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr
7
1.22 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV
20
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
47
99+
30
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
[Ar] 3d10 4s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
47
99+
30
99+
Number of Neutrons
61
99+
35
99+
Number of Electrons
47
99+
30
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm
36
134.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm
39
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm
38
139.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu
99+
65.38 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol
99+
9.20 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)
99+
38.90 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm
20
266.49 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3
35
7.14 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3
21
6.57 g/cm3
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
14
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa
23
43.00 GPa
18
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa
16
70.00 GPa
19
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa
23
108.00 GPa
19
Poisson Ratio
0.37
7
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.50
26
6.90
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
0.00
5
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m
99+
59.00 nΩ·m
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω
1
0.17 106/cm Ω
12
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol
5
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)
25
0.39 J/(kg K)
14
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K
99+
25.47 J/mol·K
39
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K
1
116.00 W/m·K
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)
23
30.20 µm/(m·K)
11
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol
37
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol
31
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol
37
129.70 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K
35
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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