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Sodium vs Aluminium

Sodium
Aluminium
Aluminium vs Sodium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Na   
Al   
Group Number
1   
17
13   
5
Period Number
3   
3   
Block
s block   
p block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440235   
99+
7429905   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining   
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy   
Hans Christian Oersted   
Discovery
In 1807   
In 1825   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %   
6
5 * 10-3 %   
5
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %   
6
~0.006 %   
5
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %   
6
0.91 %   
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %   
5
8.10 %   
1
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %   
1
0.00 %   
6
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %   
3
0.00 %   
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
1
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.   
2
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
97.72 °C   
99+
660.37 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
883.00 °C   
99+
2,467.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.50   
22
2.75   
13
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa   
99+
160.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
160.00 MPa   
35
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s   
24
5,000.00 m/s   
10
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
71.00 %   
10
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Na   
Al   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17   
22
11   
27
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93   
99+
1.61   
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56   
30
1.71   
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01   
35
1.47   
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91   
21
1.83   
8
Allen Electronegativity
0.87   
99+
1.61   
20
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07   
6
2.39   
32
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol   
99+
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol   
4
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol   
6
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol   
5
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol   
4
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol   
4
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol   
4
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol   
4
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol   
4
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol   
2
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol   
2
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV   
40
4.28 eV   
19
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
11   
99+
13   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1   
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
11   
99+
13   
99+
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
14   
99+
Number of Electrons
11   
99+
13   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
143.00 pm   
37
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm   
27
121.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm   
21
184.00 pm   
34
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu   
99+
26.98 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol   
10
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Beryllium
  
Magnesium
  
Next Element
Magnesium
  
Potassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)   
99+
80.70 (-eV)   
17
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm   
19
404.95 pm   
22
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3   
99+
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3   
99+
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
40.00 MPa   
19
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
18
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa   
99+
26.00 GPa   
29
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa   
99+
76.00 GPa   
18
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa   
99+
70.00 GPa   
28
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.35   
9
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.97   
99+
2.72   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
4
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m   
99+
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω   
9
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol   
19
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)   
3
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K   
10
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K   
11
237.00 W/m·K   
4
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K   
2
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)   
4
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol   
99+
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol   
99+
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol   
99+
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K   
28
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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