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Sodium vs Rutherfordium

Sodium
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium vs Sodium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Na   
Rf   
Group Number
1   
17
4   
14
Period Number
3   
7   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440235   
99+
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1807   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %   
6
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %   
6
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %   
6
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %   
5
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %   
1
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %   
3
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
1
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.   
2
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
97.72 °C   
99+
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
883.00 °C   
99+
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.50   
22
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa   
99+
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s   
24
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Na   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17   
22
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93   
99+
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56   
30
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01   
35
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91   
21
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.87   
99+
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07   
6
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol   
4
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol   
6
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol   
5
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV   
40
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
11   
99+
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
11   
99+
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
157   
7
Number of Electrons
11   
99+
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm   
27
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm   
21
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu   
99+
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol   
10
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Beryllium
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Magnesium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm   
19
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3   
99+
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.97   
99+
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m   
99+
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω   
9
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)   
3
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K   
10
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K   
11
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K   
2
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)   
4
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K   
28
Not Available   
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