Tantalum vs Gallium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta
Ga
Group Number
5
13
13
5
Period Number
6
4
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440257
99+
7440553
32
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Cmca
Space Group Number
229.00
1
64.00
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
- Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1802
In 1875
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %
31
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.000004 %
16
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
16
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
37
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
31
0.00 %
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
- Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3
13
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.
28
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C
4
29.78 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C
4
2,403.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray Blue
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.50
5
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa
28
56.80 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa
12
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s
22
2,740.00 m/s
31
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
78.00 %
6
Not Available
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ta
Ga
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
24
15
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50
27
1.81
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.42
2
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33
22
1.82
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.01
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.34
33
1.76
14
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50
27
2.19
39
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol
18
578.80 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol
40
1,979.30 kJ/mol
13
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,963.00 kJ/mol
28
4th Energy Level
Not Available
6,180.00 kJ/mol
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr
99+
0.87 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV
21
4.20 eV
23
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
73
99+
31
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
73
99+
31
99+
Number of Neutrons
108
28
39
99+
Number of Electrons
73
99+
31
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm
35
135.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm
25
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
187.00 pm
32
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu
38
69.72 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol
99+
11.80 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)
7
69.70 (-eV)
19
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm
99+
451.97 pm
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3
18
5.91 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3
9
6.10 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
15
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
31
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa
13
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa
8
Not Available
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa
13
9.80 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34
10
0.47
1
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
16.65
11
5.91
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m
25
270.00 nΩ·m
15
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
27
0.07 106/cm Ω
29
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol
29
28.90 kJ/mol
31
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
37
0.37 J/(kg K)
16
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K
27
40.60 W/m·K
34
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)
99+
18.00 µm/(m·K)
24
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol
2
256.10 kJ/mol
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol
3
5.59 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol
3
276.10 kJ/mol
39
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K
37
40.80 J/mol.K
38
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