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Technetium vs Beryllium

Technetium
Beryllium
Beryllium vs Technetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tc  
Be  
Group Number
7  
11
2  
16
Period Number
5  
2  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440268  
99+
7440417  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1937  
In 1797  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
Physical
Melting Point
2,200.00 °C  
9
1,278.00 °C  
36
Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C  
7
2,970.00 °C  
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Shiny Gray  
White Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25  
16
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
550.00 MPa  
27
590.00 MPa  
25
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
1,670.00 MPa  
9
Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/s  
1
12,890.00 m/s  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
1.56  
34
Reflectivity
35.00 %  
34
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Tc  
Be  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
1.57  
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.81  
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.36  
21
1.47  
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.54  
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.51  
31
1.58  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.43  
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol  
34
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
4th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
14
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
5th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
28
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
39
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
37
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
13th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
33
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
23
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
29
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
16th Energy Level
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
24
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
17th Energy Level
702.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
18th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
19th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
20th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
21st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
22nd Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
23rd Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
24th Energy Level
702.50 kJ/mol  
28
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
26th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
27th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
30th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
43  
99+
4  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2  
[He] 2s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
43  
99+
4  
99+
Number of Neutrons
55  
99+
5  
99+
Number of Electrons
43  
99+
4  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
112.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
147.00 pm  
39
96.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
153.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
98.00 amu  
99+
9.01 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol  
99+
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Molybdenum
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Ruthenium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
82.00 (-eV)  
15
Lattice Constant
273.50 pm  
99+
228.58 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
21
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm3  
36
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.00 g/cm3  
34
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
287.00 MPa  
16
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
17
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
20
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa  
34
132.00 GPa  
7
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
130.00 GPa  
13
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
287.00 GPa  
7
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.03  
36
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.50  
37
1.85  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
11
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m  
18
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω  
35
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol  
23
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)  
30
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K  
30
200.00 W/m·K  
6
Critical Temperature
2,150.00 K  
16
1,551.00 K  
39
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol  
7
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol  
9
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol  
9
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K  
2
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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