Technetium vs Calcium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Tc
Ca
Group Number
7
11
2
16
Period Number
5
4
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440268
99+
7440702
21
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
- At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
- Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
- It is found in the compound state.
- Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero
Humphry Davy
Discovery
In 1937
In 1808
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
7 * 10-3 %
3
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.007 %
4
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
1.10 %
4
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
5.00 %
3
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
5
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
1.40 %
1
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
- It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
- Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
Industrial Uses
NA
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
60.50 Blood/mg dm-3
4
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
170,000.00 p.p.m.
1
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,200.00 °C
9
839.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C
7
1,484.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Shiny Gray
Gray
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
1.75
17
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
170.00 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/s
1
3,810.00 m/s
19
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tc
Ca
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
18
21
19
20
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90
11
1.00
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
0.95
24
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.36
20
1.04
34
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.08
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.51
28
1.03
39
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
3.00
9
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol
36
589.80 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,145.40 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol
33
4,912.40 kJ/mol
7
4th Energy Level
Not Available
6,491.00 kJ/mol
7
5th Energy Level
Not Available
8,153.00 kJ/mol
7
6th Energy Level
Not Available
10,496.00 kJ/mol
8
7th Energy level
Not Available
12,270.00 kJ/mol
12
8th Energy Level
Not Available
14,206.00 kJ/mol
15
9th Energy Level
Not Available
18,191.00 kJ/mol
12
10th Energy Level
Not Available
20,385.00 kJ/mol
16
11th Energy Level
Not Available
57,110.00 kJ/mol
3
12th Energy Level
Not Available
63,410.00 kJ/mol
3
13th Energy Level
Not Available
70,110.00 kJ/mol
3
14th Energy Level
Not Available
78,890.00 kJ/mol
4
15th Energy Level
Not Available
86,310.00 kJ/mol
5
16th Energy Level
Not Available
94,000.00 kJ/mol
6
17th Energy Level
Not Available
104,900.00 kJ/mol
7
18th Energy Level
Not Available
111,711.00 kJ/mol
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr
99+
0.75 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
2.87 eV
38
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
43
99+
20
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2
[Ar] 4s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
43
99+
20
99+
Number of Neutrons
55
99+
20
99+
Number of Electrons
43
99+
20
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm
99+
197.00 pm
6
Covalent Radius
147.00 pm
37
176.00 pm
22
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
231.00 pm
19
Atomic Weight
98.00 amu
99+
40.08 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol
99+
29.90 cm3/mol
7
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)
3
29.00 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
273.50 pm
99+
558.84 pm
9
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60
5
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm3
34
1.55 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
1.38 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
25.50 (Pa)
3
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
7.40 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
17.00 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
Not Available
20.00 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.31
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
11.50
24
4.58
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m
18
33.60 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω
30
0.30 106/cm Ω
6
Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol
18
2.37 kJ/mol
39
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)
29
0.63 J/(kg K)
7
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
25.93 J/mol·K
34
Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K
30
201.00 W/m·K
5
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
22.30 µm/(m·K)
19
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol
6
150.00 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol
9
8.54 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol
8
184.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K
2
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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