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Technetium vs Calcium

Technetium
Calcium
Calcium vs Technetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tc   
Ca   
Group Number
7   
11
2   
16
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
d block   
s block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Alkaline Earth   
CAS Number
7440268   
99+
7440702   
21
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
  • Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
  • It is found in the compound state.
  • Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero   
Humphry Davy   
Discovery
In 1937   
In 1808   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
7 * 10-3 %   
3
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.007 %   
4
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
1.10 %   
4
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
5.00 %   
3
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
5
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
1.40 %   
1
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
  • It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
  • Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
60.50 Blood/mg dm-3   
4
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
170,000.00 p.p.m.   
1
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,200.00 °C   
9
839.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C   
7
1,484.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Shiny Gray   
Gray   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.75   
17
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
170.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/s   
1
3,810.00 m/s   
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tc   
Ca   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18   
21
19   
20
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
1.00   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.95   
24
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.36   
20
1.04   
34
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.08   
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.51   
28
1.03   
39
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
3.00   
9
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol   
36
589.80 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,145.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol   
33
4,912.40 kJ/mol   
7
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,491.00 kJ/mol   
7
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,153.00 kJ/mol   
7
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
10,496.00 kJ/mol   
8
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,270.00 kJ/mol   
12
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,206.00 kJ/mol   
15
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,191.00 kJ/mol   
12
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,385.00 kJ/mol   
16
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
57,110.00 kJ/mol   
3
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
63,410.00 kJ/mol   
3
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
70,110.00 kJ/mol   
3
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
78,890.00 kJ/mol   
4
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,310.00 kJ/mol   
5
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,000.00 kJ/mol   
6
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
111,711.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.75 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
2.87 eV   
38
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
43   
99+
20   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2   
[Ar] 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
43   
99+
20   
99+
Number of Neutrons
55   
99+
20   
99+
Number of Electrons
43   
99+
20   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
197.00 pm   
6
Covalent Radius
147.00 pm   
37
176.00 pm   
22
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
231.00 pm   
19
Atomic Weight
98.00 amu   
99+
40.08 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol   
99+
29.90 cm3/mol   
7
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Molybdenum
  
Potassium
  
Next Element
Ruthenium
  
Scandium
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
29.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
273.50 pm   
99+
558.84 pm   
9
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60   
5
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm3   
34
1.55 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
1.38 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
25.50 (Pa)   
3
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
7.40 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
17.00 GPa   
99+
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
20.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.50   
24
4.58   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m   
18
33.60 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
30
0.30 106/cm Ω   
6
Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol   
18
2.37 kJ/mol   
39
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)   
29
0.63 J/(kg K)   
7
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
25.93 J/mol·K   
34
Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K   
30
201.00 W/m·K   
5
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
22.30 µm/(m·K)   
19
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol   
6
150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol   
9
8.54 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol   
8
184.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K   
2
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
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