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Technetium vs Palladium

Technetium
Palladium
Palladium vs Technetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tc   
Pd   
Group Number
7   
11
10   
8
Period Number
5   
5   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440268   
99+
7440053   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons   
Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero   
William Hyde Wollaston   
Discovery
In 1937   
In 1803   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000003 %   
24
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,200.00 °C   
9
1,554.90 °C   
22
Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C   
7
2,963.00 °C   
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Shiny Gray   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
4.75   
9
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
320.00 MPa   
33
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
121.00 MPa   
36
Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/s   
1
3,070.00 m/s   
26
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.72   
1
Reflectivity
Not Available   
84.00 %   
4
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tc   
Pd   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18   
21
38   
1
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
2.20   
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.36   
20
1.35   
21
Allen Electronegativity
1.51   
28
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
1.80   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol   
36
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol   
99+
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2
3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol   
33
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.12 eV   
3
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
43   
99+
46   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2   
[Kr] 4d10   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
43   
99+
46   
99+
Number of Neutrons
55   
99+
60   
99+
Number of Electrons
43   
99+
46   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
137.00 pm   
40
Covalent Radius
147.00 pm   
37
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
163.00 pm   
40
Atomic Weight
98.00 amu   
99+
106.42 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol   
99+
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Molybdenum
  
Rhodium
  
Next Element
Ruthenium
  
Silver
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
33.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
273.50 pm   
99+
389.07 pm   
25
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60   
5
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm3   
34
12.02 g/cm3   
29
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
10.38 g/cm3   
17
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
44.00 GPa   
17
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
121.00 GPa   
16
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.39   
5
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.50   
24
12.02   
21
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m   
18
105.40 nΩ·m   
29
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
30
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22
Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol   
18
54.23 kJ/mol   
17
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)   
29
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
25.98 J/mol·K   
33
Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K   
30
71.80 W/m·K   
23
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol   
6
376.60 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol   
9
16.74 kJ/mol   
18
Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol   
8
393.30 kJ/mol   
22
Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K   
2
37.60 J/mol.K   
40
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