Terbium vs Titanium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Tb
Ti
Group Number
Not Available
4
14
Period Number
6
4
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440279
99+
7440326
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Discovery
In 1842
In 1791
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
3 * 10-4 %
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.0004 %
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.05 %
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
40
0.66 %
7
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
- Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,356.00 °C
33
1,660.00 °C
18
Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C
29
3,287.00 °C
22
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray-White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
6.00
6
Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPa
17
716.00 MPa
15
Vickers Hardness
863.00 MPa
13
830.00 MPa
14
Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s
35
5,090.00 m/s
9
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tb
Ti
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
26
13
23
16
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
1.54
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.09
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10
30
1.32
23
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.38
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.46
28
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol
99+
658.80 kJ/mol
39
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,652.50 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol
31
4,174.60 kJ/mol
32
5th Energy Level
Not Available
9,581.00 kJ/mol
5
6th Energy Level
Not Available
11,533.00 kJ/mol
6
7th Energy level
Not Available
13,590.00 kJ/mol
6
8th Energy Level
Not Available
16,440.00 kJ/mol
8
9th Energy Level
Not Available
18,530.00 kJ/mol
11
10th Energy Level
Not Available
20,833.00 kJ/mol
15
11th Energy Level
Not Available
25,575.00 kJ/mol
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available
28,125.00 kJ/mol
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available
76,015.00 kJ/mol
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available
83,280.00 kJ/mol
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available
90,880.00 kJ/mol
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available
100,700.00 kJ/mol
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available
109,100.00 kJ/mol
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available
117,800.00 kJ/mol
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available
129,900.00 kJ/mol
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available
137,530.00 kJ/mol
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr
31
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.00 eV
36
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
65
99+
22
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
65
99+
22
99+
Number of Neutrons
94
36
26
99+
Number of Electrons
65
99+
22
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
177.00 pm
17
147.00 pm
34
Covalent Radius
194.00 pm
16
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm
22
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
158.93 amu
99+
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol
22
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)
33
95.20 (-eV)
10
Lattice Constant
360.10 pm
36
295.08 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58
13
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm3
99+
4.51 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm3
30
4.11 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa
17
434.00 MPa
9
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)
8
0.98 (Pa)
14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
22.10 GPa
32
44.00 GPa
17
Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPa
33
110.00 GPa
15
Young's Modulus
55.70 GPa
34
116.00 GPa
18
Poisson Ratio
0.26
21
0.32
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.23
39
4.51
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m
99+
420.00 nΩ·m
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
7.60 kJ/mol
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K
9
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K
99+
21.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)
38
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol
26
429.00 kJ/mol
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol
34
15.48 kJ/mol
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol
33
468.60 kJ/mol
15
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K
10
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
|
||
|
||
|
