Element Family
Post-Transition
Alkali
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Interesting Facts
- Compounds of Thallium metal are highly Toxic.
- Thallium metal is being suspected as a human carcinogen.
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
Sources
Found As a By-product, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
Who Discovered
William Crookes
Humphry Davy
Discovery
In 1861
In 1807
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Thallium is a toxic metal and hence it has limited uses. Thallium metal is mostly used for producing photoelectric cells.
- In thermometer’s mercury alloy has 8% of thallium, as it has a melting point lower than 20°C.
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
Pharmaceutical Industry
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
[Ne] 3s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Sectile
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available